But the complexity of the food systemhas madeit challenging to measure how much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is a direct result of the system’s emissions, particularly those from transportation.
可是，食品体系的繁杂性使得丈量大气中有几多二氧化碳是直接由该体系排放的成果，特别是果断有几多是运输排放的，变得具备挑战性。
《本期内容》
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The world’s population is expected to reach 8bn on November 15th. But, such is the uncertainty with counting every person on the planet, that milestone may already have been reached. India is forecast to surpass China as the world’s mostpopulouscountry in 2023 or soon thereafter. The UN hedges its predictions even as it makes them. A new forecast published on July 11th says that the world’s population will reach 9.7bn in 2050, 800m more than it thought in 2002. By 2100 the world will contain between 8.9bn and 12.4bn people, with a 50/50 chance that its population will be shrinking.
世界生齿估计将在11月15日到达80亿。不外，因尴尬以包管把地球上所有人逐一数一遍，这个里程碑说不定已到达了。印度估计将在2023年或以后不久跨越中国，成为世界上生齿至多的国度。结合国的生齿展望精度不高。7月11日公布的一项新展望称，到2050年，世界生齿将到达97亿，比它在2002年的展望增长了8亿。到2100年，世界将具有89亿至124亿生齿，有一半的可能性生齿将起头削减。
Just a handful of countries are expected to lie behind population growth. The UN forecasts that 43% of the increase between now and 2050 will come from five: the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria
and Pakistan. America will remain the third-largest country in 2050, with 375m inhabitants, after it has added another 40m people. Nigeria will add four times that number and be nearly as big as America. It will displace Indonesia as the fourth-most-populous place.
估计只有一小批国度的生齿会增加。结合国展望，从如今到2050年，43%的增加未来自五个国度：刚果民主共和国、埃塞俄比亚、印度、尼日利亚和巴基斯坦。美国到2050年仍将是生齿第三大国，在增长4000万人以后将具有3.75亿住民。尼日利亚增长的生齿数目将四倍于美国的增加，从而靠近美国的总生齿范围。它将代替印度尼
西亚成为生齿第四大国。
Some countries are helping the Earth’s population tolevel out. This year 41 countries and territories are expected to lose more people than they gain from births and i妹妹igration. Ukraine’s population,ravagedby war, will shrink by around 7m. The population of Europe, the world’s oldest region, with a median age of 42 years, began shrinking in 2020 after peaking at 747m. By 2050 it is forecast to have 40m fewer inhabitants than it does today.
有些国度正在帮忙均衡地球生齿。本年估计将有41个国度和地域落空的生齿跨越诞生和移民所增长的生齿。饱受战役践踏的乌克兰将削减约700万人。翻译划线句，长按文末小步伐码打卡，谜底下期颁布~到2050年估计将比如今少4000万人。
It is a safer bet that the distribution of humanity across the world will shift dramatically. Europe started on the path to population decline in the 1970s after the number of births per woman fell below 2.1—the level needed to replace people who die. It has since fallen to 1.5. Fertility in Africa, the world’s youngest region, is nearly three times Europe’s, and it will not fall below replacement rate until 2090. Births in Africa will increase even as the number of births per woman falls. By 2050, 25% of the world’s population will be African.
一个更靠得住的展望是，世界各地的生齿散布将产生庞大变革。欧洲生齿在上世纪70年月启动了通往下坡之路，那时每名欧洲女性生养孩子的数目降到了2.1这个保持总生齿不乱所需的“替换率”之下。以后已不竭下跌至1.5。非洲是世界上最年青的地域，生养率是欧洲的近三倍，而且要到2090年才会低于替换率。即便每名女性生养后代的数目降低，非洲诞生的生齿也会增长。到2050年，四分之一的世界生齿都将长短洲人。
These demographic shifts will have geopolitical consequences. By 2050 China will be 8% smaller. Meanwhile, India’s population will continue growing,albeitat a gradually slower rate, peaking at 1.7bn in 2064, nearly 50% higher than in China. That will add weight to its claim to play a much greater role in world affairs.
这些生齿布局上的变革将发生地缘政治后果。到2050年中国生齿将削减8%。与此同时印度的生齿将继续增加，虽然速率会逐步放缓，到2064年将到达17亿的峰值，比中国超过跨过近50%。这会让印度有更大的底气主意本身活着界事件中阐扬更高文用。
本文节选自：The Economist（经济学人）
公布时候：2022.07.27
辞汇堆集
1.populous
英 [?p?pj?l?s]美 [?pɑ?pj?l?s]
adj.生齿浩繁的；生齿密集的
2.ravage
英 [?r?v?d?]美 [?r?v?d?]
vt.践踏；损坏；毁坏；紧张侵害
n.灾难；粉碎；暴力
3.albeit
英 [???l?bi??t]美 [???l?bi??t]
conj.虽然；固然
词组搭配
1.level out （数字或数目）趋势平缓，趋于不乱；（飞机在@攀%z69x5%升或降%OR4Uo%低@后）进入平飞
2.peak at
写作句总结
原句：Meanwhile, India’s population will continue growing, albeit at a gradually slower rate, peaking at 1.7bn in 2064, nearly 50% higher than in China.
布局：XX will continue growing, albeit at a gradually slower rate, peaking at XX in XX, nearly 50% higher than in XX.
例句：The temperature will continue growing, albeit at a gradually slower rate, peaking at 38 degree celsius in the south China, nearly 50% higher than in the north.
打卡功课
在底稿纸上翻译文章中的划线句，完成逐日的打卡操练！下期推送会颁布参考翻译谜底，大师一块儿来进修英语吧~
外刊君为同窗们汇总了《考研数学高数思惟导图》，戳码复兴“高数”，下载pdf源文件。
（戳码复兴“高数”）
? END ?
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