还在感伤考研英语难度很大、过线很难吗？还在忧?真题做了一遍又一遍，却始终茫无头绪吗？还在苦苦琢磨出题人的用意却毫无头绪吗？打开外语讲授与钻研出书社的新书《张剑考研10年真题5套摹拟》，考研英语命题人张剑传授将亲身为你分题型精解10年真题，教你了解出题人的用意；并融合本身多年的命题履历亲身命制了5套高仿真摹拟题，带你走出题海战术的误区，到达事半功倍之效！
第一部门：英语常识应用(选择填空)
2012年天下硕士钻研生入学测验英语试题阐发
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot 1 its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law 2 justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that 3 the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial.
…
1.［A］ emphasize ［B］ maintain ［C］ modify ［D］ recognize
2.［A］ when ［B］ lest ［C］ before ［D］ unless
3.［A］ restored ［B］ weakened ［C］ established ［D］ eliminated
…
【谜底解析】
1. 谜底：B 【考点：动词辨析】
阐发：句子相干部门提到：法院没法……它作为法治卫士的正当性。必要果断甚么动词可以或许介入“正当性”搭配。四个选项是［A］emphasize(夸大)，［B］maintain(保护，保持)，［C］modify(点窜)，［D］recognize(熟悉，识别出)。明显，“保护正当性”是最好搭配，是以选项［B］maintain是准确谜底。其他选项的意思可能在局部能讲得通，可是从总体来看会扭曲或误会作者的用意。
2. 谜底：A 【考点：逻辑瓜葛】
阐发：句子相干部门提到：法院没法保护它作为法治卫士的正当性，……法官的举动像政客同样。由上下文可知，文章在评论辩论政治与司法的瓜葛。作者认为二者应当分手，不然司法就没法连结其自力性，乃至会沦为政治的爪牙。是以本句应当是一个前提句，表白在怎么的前提下，“法院没法保护它作为法治卫士的正当性”。再来看四个选项：［A］ when(若是……；那时)，［B］lest(省得)，［C］before(在……以前)，［D］unless(除非……)。不丢脸出，选项［A］when最合适句意。解答此题的关头是晓得when可以指导前提句，意为“若是”。
3. 谜底：B 【考点：上下文推理和动词辨析】
阐发：句子相干部门提到：但是，好几个例子显示，法官的举动方法……法院的自力性和公道性的荣誉。必要按照上下文的意思揣度“法官的举动”对“法院的自力性和公道性的荣誉”发生了甚么影响。由上一题的阐发可知，政治与司法应当分手，不然司法就没法连结其自力性。从Yet猜测，本题地点句是在举例阐明法官的举动侵害了司法的自力性。四个选项是：［A］restored(规复)，［B］weakened(减弱)，［C］established(创建)，［D］eliminated(解除；歼灭)。准确谜底必定不会是“规复”、“创建”，这与辞意抵牾；“解除；歼灭”没法与“荣誉”搭配。是以，选项［B］weakened合适题意。
……
本节内容选自外研社出书的新书《张剑考研10年真题5套摹拟》作者简介：张剑，北京外国语大学(微博)英语学院传授、博士生导师，英语学院副院长。持续多年介入天下硕士钻研生入学同一测验英语试题的命题事情，并曾介入英语专业4、八级测验，北京市高档教诲自学测验和天下高考(微博)面试等事情。
考研命题人张剑传授解析2012年考研真题(二)
第二部门：浏览理解(Part A 多项选择)
2012年天下硕士钻研生入学测验英语试题阐发
Text 2
A deal is a deal—except, apparently, when Entergy is involved. The company, a major energy supplier in New England, provoked justified outrage in Vermont last week when it announced it was reneging on a longstanding co妹妹itment to abide by the strict nuclear regulations.
Instead, the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would not: challenge the constitutionality of Vermont’s rules in the federal court, as part of a desperate effort to keep its Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant running. It’s a stunning move.
The conflict has been surfacing since 2002, when the corporation bought Vermont’s only nuclear power plant, an aging reactor in Vernon. As a condition of receiving state approval for the sale, the company agreed to seek permission from state regulators to operate past 2012.In 2006, the state went a step further, requiring that any extension of the plant’s license be subject to Vermont legislature’s approval. Then, too, the company went along。
…
26. The phrase “reneging on” (Line 3, Para.1) is closest in meaning to
［A］condemning. ［B］reaffirming。
［C］dishonoring. ［D］securing。
27. By entering into the 2002 agreement, Entergy intended to
［A］obtain protection from Vermont regulators。
［B］seek favor from the federal legislature。
［C］acquire an extension of its business license。
［D］get permission to purchase a power plant。
…
【谜底解析】
26. 谜底：C 【考点：猜想生词】
阐发：本题请求考生按照上下文信息猜想生词reneging on的意思。四个选项以下：
［A］训斥。 ［B］ 重申。
［C］不遵照。 ［D］ 得到。
文章首段一起头，作者就表示安特吉公司将不遵照买卖法则：“买卖就是买卖——除非触及到安特吉公司”。由此可知该公司违约的究竟，而且就此还引发轩然大波：这家新英格兰的重要电力供给商上周声称将……严酷遵照核能划定的持久许诺时，这在佛蒙特州激发了合情公道的愤慨。是以，reneging on 的意思应为“不实行，不遵照”，［C］dishonoring是准确谜底。
27. 谜底：D 【考点：辨认准确信息】
阐发：本题请求考生按照辞意果断，安特吉公司签订2002年的协定时的用意。四个选项以下：
［A］从佛州营羁系部分得到庇护。
［B］追求联邦立法构造的支撑。
［C］得到蒙特业执照的延期。
［D］得到核准去收购一个电厂。
文章第三段提到，“这个冲突在2002年就起头呈现了，当时该公司收购了佛蒙特州独一的核电厂，位于弗农的一个老旧的核反响堆。作为得到州当局核准该买卖的前提，公司许诺若是2012年后继续运营需得到州羁系部分的允许。”明显，该公司在2002年作出许诺，若是在2012年后继续运营，必需得到核准，许诺的目标是为了让州当局核准它收购那边的一座核电厂。是以［D］get permission to purchase a power plant是准确谜底。
……
本节内容选自外研社出书的新书《张剑考研10年真题5套摹拟》
考研命题人张剑传授解析2012年考研真题(三)
第三部门：浏览理解(Part B 选择匹配)
2012年天下硕士钻研生入学测验英语试题阐发
Part B
Directions:
In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Think of those fleeting moments when you look out of an aeroplane window and realise that you are flying, higher than a bird. Now think of your laptop, thinner than a brown-paper envelope, or your cellphone in the palm of your hand. Take a moment or two to wonder at those marvels. You are the lucky inheritor of a dream come true.
The second half of the 20th century saw a collection of geniuses, warriors, entrepreneurs and visionaries labour to create a fabulous machine that could function as a typewriter and printing press, studio and theatre, paintbrush and gallery, piano and radio, the mail as well as the mail carrier. 41.
The networked computer is an amazing device, the first media machine that serves as the mode of production, means of distribution, site of reception, and place of praise and critique. The computer is the 21st century’s culture machine。
But for all the reasons there are to celebrate the computer, we must also tread with caution. 42.
I call it a secret war for two reasons. First, most people do not realise that there are strong co妹妹ercial agendas at work to keep them in passive consumption mode. Second, the majority of people who use networked computers to upload are not even aware of the significance of what they are doing。
…
[A] Of course, it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but failing to move beyond downloading is to strip oneself of a defining constituent of humanity.
[B] Applications like tumblr.com, which allow users to combine pictures, words and other media in creative ways and then share them, have the potential to add stickiness by amusing, entertaining and enlightening others.
[C] Not only did they develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed to embed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day。
[D] This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading — between passive consumption and active creation — whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.
[E] The challenge the computer mounts to television thus bears little similarity to one format being replaced by another in the manner of record players being replaced by CD players。
[F] One reason for the persistence of this pyramid of production is that for the past half-century, much of the world’s media culture has been defined by a single medium — television — and television is defined by downloading.
[G] The networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to reverse the flow, to encourage thoughtful downloading and, even more importantly, meaningful uploading.
【谜底解析】
41. 谜底 C
阐发：文章第一段假想了一个梦，即坐飞机时怀里放着纸同样薄的条记本电脑，手里拿着薄薄的手机。第二段谈了这个梦的实现：在20世纪，这个既是打字机、又是印刷机，既是画笔，又是美术馆，既是事情室、又是剧场，既是邮件、又是邮差的小我电脑已呈现。然后，第三段谈互联网使小我电脑成为了21世纪集出产、公布、接管、评论于一身的“文化呆板”。［C］段讲：小我电脑经由过程收集被联在一块儿，形成为了一个世界性的收集。这正幸亏第二段和第三段之间构成一个过渡，逻辑瓜葛很较着。是以，本题的谜底是 ［C］。
42. 谜底 D
阐发：文章第四段提示人们注重互联网和小我电脑带来的问题：“虽然有所有的来由来赞美计较机，咱们仍是要多加谨慎。”接着起头讲上传和下传、缔造和消费的瓜葛问题，作者将此描写为它们之间的“机密战役”。［D］段讲：联网的电脑引发了上传和下载之间、被动接管和自动缔造之间的一场机密战役，这正好诠释了为什么要“多加谨慎”。是以，本题的谜底是 ［D］。
……
本节内容选自外研社出书的新书《张剑考研10年真题5套摹拟》
考研命题人张剑传授解析2012年考研真题(四)
第四部门：浏览理解(Part C 英译汉)
2012年天下硕士钻研生入学测验英语试题阐发
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
…
Gray and his colleagues have put them to the test by examining four family trees that between them represent more than 2,000 languages. (50) Chomsky’s gra妹妹ar should show patterns of language change that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it, whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations. Neither of these patterns is borne out by the analysis, suggesting that the structures of the languages are Line age — specific and not governed by universals。
【谜底解析】
……
50. 乔姆斯基的语法应当显示出说话变革的模式，这些模式其实不受说话谱系或贯串谱系的路径的影响；而格林堡的广泛性原则却预言了特定的语法词序瓜葛类型之间所存在的慎密互依性。
【注释】 本句是whereas指导的并列句，先后是迁移转变瓜葛。1)主句的布局是“简略句 + 定语从句”。 patterns of language change that are independent of…，可译为“自力于……的说话变革模式”。此中，family tree指“说话谱系”，而不是“族谱”；pathway指的是说话的“成长路径”。2)后半句中的whereas译为 “而……”，co-dependencies意为“慎密互依性”。Particular types of word-order relations意为“特定的语法词序瓜葛类型”。整体上讲，文章的话题较偏，触及说话学和说话史。对付进修说话学的同窗比力有益，由于他们晓得乔姆斯基和格林堡等人，和他们的理论。而对付泛博理工科学生而言，可能文章有必定难度。
本节内容选自外研社出书的新书《张剑考研10年真题5套摹拟》
考研命题人张剑传授解析2012年考研真题(五)
第五部门：写作(Part A 利用文)
2012年天下硕士钻研生入学测验英语试题阐发
Part A
Directions:
Some international students are coming to your university. Write them an email in the name of the Students’ Union to
1) extend your welcome and
2) provide some suggestions for their campus life here。
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead。
Do not write the address. (10 points)
【阐发】
本题请求考生给行将来华的外
国留学(微博)生写一封100词摆布的电子邮件，对他们的到来暗示接待，向他们先容校园糊口，而且供给建议。考生必要斟酌接待信函若何措词、外国留学生到校以后必要做的事变、在中国大学糊口的特色和若何才能顺应。
写如许一封信请求考生纯熟把握撰写英文手札的格局和写作法子。凡是来说，一封电子邮件应当包含：1)称号(address)；2)重要内容(body)，包含问候、事由、阐明等；3)扫尾和题名(signature)。下面这篇范文供考生参考。
Dear international students,
Congratulations on your admission to this university. On behalf of the Students’ Union, I extend a warm welcome to you and look forward to your safe arrival at the beginning of the new term。
I’d like to offer you some information about life in this university. After paying the tuition fee and getting registered, you will need to check into your dormitory. The university canteen is probably the best place to have meals during the term, because food is tasty and inexpensive. If you prefer Western food, there is a cafeteria where you can get sandwiches and spaghetti. You will need to
get a student card, which is identity card as well as cash card. You can use it to borrow books, pay for shop purchases, etc. The orientation for new students will probably take a whole week.
In advance I send you our best wishes and hope you will become a member of the Students’ Union。
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
本节内容选自外研社出书的新书《张剑考研10年真题5套摹拟》
考研命题人张剑传授解析2012年考研真题(六)
第六部门：写作(Part B 论说文)
2012年天下硕士钻研生入学测验英语试题阐发
Part B
Directions:
Write an essay of 160 ~ 200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and
3) give your co妹妹ents。
You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
【阐发】
本题请求考生按照所供给的丹青写一篇160 ~ 200词的文章。文章必需包含三个方面：1)简略描写图片；2)诠释图片的寄义；3)颁发本身的评论。
在作文的第一部门中，考生应当描写丹青：图中一个瓶子被打翻了，瓶中的液体流出了一半。两小我瞥见了这一幕后，脸色各不不异。一个很懊丧地说：“全完了！”；另外一个高兴地说：“幸亏还剩点儿。”
在第二部门中，考生应当诠释丹青的寄义：两小我的分歧脸色现实上表白了两种分歧的心态，即他们对待事物的视角分歧，一个灰心，另外一个乐观。一个只看到了事物的阴晦面，另外一个则看到了事物的光亮面。
在第三部门中，考生@应%85e15%当对这%52WY3%类@征象举行评论：这幅图给咱们留下了如许一种思虑―咱们应当怎么对待糊口？应当以怎么的立场面临人生？
下面这篇范文仅供读者参考。
In the picture, a bottle falls to the ground and a liquid spills out. Two men witness the accident and respond differently to it. One sadly holds his head with his hand, saying, “Everything is spoiled!” The other gladly notices the half of the oil that still remains in the bottle and rushes to pick it up, saying, “Fortunately, we still have some left。”
The picture is not just showing us a small accident, but it intends to tell us a matter of greater significance. The two men’s different responses to the accident actually show two different attitudes to life, or two different perspectives to view tragedy in life。
Life is full of ups and downs, which are part of one’s life journey in this world. The question is how we are going to take life’s pains or tragedies. Pessimists feel like the end of the world is coming, while optimists believe they can overcome them and become stronger. A girl student jumped from a tall building after she was abandoned by her boyfriend. A mother drowned her two mentally-handicapped twin sons because she could not see the end of her own suffering. While we are sympathetic for these unfortunate people, we sigh for their desperate actions.
No one’s life is plain sailing. But hard labour will make a person physically strong; hardships will make a person mentally strong. We sigh because one man did not see the bright side of life, “the half of the liquid that still remains”. The girl student did not understand that life could begin anew and happiness could be achieved elsewhere. The mother did not realize that the society and the government were willing to offer help. If they were more optimistic, things could be different. If we are all optimistic, the world will be changed。
本节内容选自外研社出书的新书《张剑考研10年真题5套摹拟》
